Effect of PbO incorporation with different particle size on X-ray attenuation of polystyrene

Lead oxide (PbO) bulk and nanoparticles of two different sizes (A = 78 nm B 54 nm) are incorporated separately into the polystyrene matrix at various concentrations (0, 10, 15, 25, 35 %) using roll mill mixing compressing molding techniques. The X-ray narrow-spectrum series (N-series / ISO 4037-1) is then used to investigate radiation attenuation capability novel polymer composite PS/PbO, as well effect varying PbO particle on shielding performance. filler dispersion chemical elemental analysis synthesized investigated scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive spectroscopy. To determine mass coefficients ?m, samples with thicknesses examined a range energies, experimental data compared theoretical values from NIST databases (XCOM FFAST). results indicate that either increasing weight percentage or, decreasing size, enhanced parameters throughout all energies. containing smallest nanosize exhibited maximum efficacy among combinations therefore, might be develop low-cost lightweight shields.